By Jan Glarum, Don Birou, Ed Cetaruk
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''...an very good place to begin for somebody approximately to embark at the means of construction a decontamination software in his or her facility.''--Anjanette Hebert, Director of safety and security, Lafayette normal clinical heart, Lafayette, l. a.
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Hospital Emergency Response Teams. Triage for Optimal Disaster Response
''. .. a very good start line for somebody approximately to embark at the technique of construction a decontamination software in his or her facility. ''--Anjanette Hebert, Director of safety and security, Lafayette common scientific middle, Lafayette, l. a.
Extra resources for Hospital Emergency Response Teams. Triage for Optimal Disaster Response
Example text
When a human is exposed to anthrax spores, either through an open wound, ingestion, or via an inhalational route, the germination of the spore into the bacillus form initiates the process that eventually leads to the clinical disease anthrax. When considering anthrax as a biological weapon, the inhalational form of anthrax is the most worrisome threat because biological weapons are much more effective when disseminated by an aerosol route because a much larger number of victims may be infected.
As a general rule, any victim that receives atropine should also receive an oxime antidote. Benzodiazepines Victims with severe nerve agent poisoning may also have seizures. The addition of a benzodiazepine has been shown to improve survival from nerve agent poisoning and to decrease the development of permanent brain damage (Rump, 2003; Martin, 1987). Diazepam is available in an auto injector. It is recommended that a benzodiazepine be administered for any seizure activity as well as for any moderate to severe manifestations of nerve agent poisoning (prior to the development of seizures).
To date, the most significant uses of nerve agents against civilians by a terrorist group have been by the Aum Shinrikyo cult of Japan. The Aum chemical weapons program was able to produce significant quantities of VX and sarin, and lesser amounts of other nerve agents, mustard agent, phosgene, and cyanide. Nerve agents were used in a number of assassinations of cult “enemies,” as well as two large-scale attacks (Tu, 1999; Tu, 2001; Okomura, 1995; Ohbu, 1997). The first was in Matsumoto, Japan on June 27, 1994 when the cult released approximately 20 kilograms of sarin vapor from a specially equipped van in an effort to assassinate three district court judges hearing a civil suit brought against the cult.