By Victor Argy, Leslie Stein
The publication bargains a concise account of recent jap fiscal historical past and the essence of postwar macroeconomic matters and coverage. the character of the japanese company, labour kin and technological ideas are mentioned, with 3 chapters dedicated to Japan's overseas financial family and alternate surplus, carrier quarter (including distribution, well-being and schooling) and with Japan's caliber of lifestyles (relating to issues corresponding to toxins and urbanisation).
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Additional info for The Japanese Economy
Example text
Not counting the Bank of Tokyo (which performs distinct functions) 12 city banks are currently in existence. They are the Daiichi Kangyo Bank, the Fuji Bank, the Sumitomo Bank, the Mitsubishi Bank, the Sanwa Bank, the Tokai Bank, the Taiyo Kobe Bank, the Mitsui Bank, the Kyowa Bank, the Daiwa Bank, the Saitama Bank and the Hokkaido Takushoku Bank. These banks have in the past lent mainly to large corporations and in turn most of their deposits were drawn from big business. They 'have been at the centre of the private financial sector in Japan ever since the Meiji period', and 'have an extremely large influence on the national economy' [Suzuki 1987:171].
Although there were controls on the receipt of advances for contracted exports, 'when huge profits over a very short period could be foreseen, the effectiveness of such controls was limited' [Fukao 1990]. To cap it all, on 15 August 1971, confronted with renewed attacks on the US dollar, President Nixon heralded a number of emergency measures which were to be taken to buttress the collapsing currency. 1 1. Trade balance 2. Current balance 3. Long-term capital 4. 16 United States Japan Germany France Britain Italy Canada Wholesale prices Source: IMF International Financial Statistics, Supplement 1987 The Macroeconomy 39 From Japan's perspective two decisions were particularly worrying, namely the imposition of a 10 per cent surcharge on imports into the US and the exclusion from a proposed investment tax credit of imported capital equipment.
5). Concomitant with this spurt in growth was an extraordinary rise in stock and land prices. 6, between 1985 and 1989, asset values more than doubled.