By Carol Yeh-Yun Lin
Over the earlier decade, wisdom resources and highbrow capital were attracting an expanding volume of recognition, not just from teachers and CEOs, but additionally from nationwide coverage makers. thus far, such a lot reviews of highbrow capital have targeted on the organizational point, with an emphasis on explaining the position of “intangible resources” as a differentiator among accounting worth and marketplace price as a potential resource of company aggressive virtue. extra lately, pioneers within the box, together with the authors of this publication, have started to use those methodologies to a broader scope, with the target of evaluating the highbrow capital indices on the nationwide or neighborhood point. for this reason, progressively more global firms and researchers are commissioned to enquire this future-oriented an important nationwide factor. but, the linkage among the price of intangible resources and the way to quantify or benchmark it's nonetheless tenuous, let alone simply misunderstood by means of a layman for steering greater determination making. With the idea that numbers speak and data conceal beneficial details, this booklet serves to offer the authors’ study findings, overlaying 14 years (1995-2008) of highbrow capital details, constituted of human capital, marketplace capital, strategy capital, renewal capital, and monetary capital for forty nations. The final 3 chapters transcend research of present highbrow capital components, and current useful instruments for launching projects on the nationwide point. The e-book will function a vital source for researchers, coverage makers, and enterprise leaders serious about problems with financial development and competitiveness, innovation, and enterprise creation.
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Additional resources for National Intellectual Capital: A Comparison of 40 Countries
Example text
Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, and Norway ranked number 1, 2, 4, 7, and 9, respectively (2007 and 2008 data for Iceland were unavailable). Denmark has the highest score in human capital and the second highest score in process capital; Finland has the highest score in process capital; Norway has the highest score in financial capital; and Sweden has the second highest scores in both human capital and renewal capital. 89 Ranking 4 1 7 9 2 Introduction The five Nordic countries are among the world’s 20 most affluent nations.
A valid national IC measurement model 2. The IC landscape of each country studied 3. , Nordic countries, Latin American countries) 4. The national IC ranking of the 40 countries studied 5. A potential development trajectory from a poor- to a fast-growth country This chapter starts out with our proposed national IC measurement model, including indicator selection and validation. We then describe our data source and the ranking methods. Afterwards, the national IC ranking result is presented. Proposed National Intellectual Capital Measurement Model As described in Chap.
1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. R&D researchers Cooperation between universities and enterprises 7. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Scientific articles Patents per capita (USPTO + EPO) 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. World Bank OECD APEC US Department of Commerce (2000) UK Department of Trade and Industry (2000) Australia Department of Industry and Science and Resource Branch (2000) Malhotra (2000) World Bank APEC World Bank OECD APEC Commission of European Community (2000) Australia Department of Industry and Science and Resource Branch (2000) Singapore Department of Trade and Industry (2001) Bontis (2004) World Bank OECD APEC Australia Department of Industry and Science and Resource Branch (2000) Bontis (2004) Malhotra (2000) World Bank OECD APEC UK Department of Trade and Industry (2000) Australia Department of Industry and Science and Resource Branch (2000) World Bank UK Department of Trade and Industry (2000) Malhotra (2000) World Bank US Department of Commerce (2000) Commission of European Community (2000) Australia Department of Industry and Science and Resource Branch (2000) Singapore Department of Trade and Industry (2001) Bontis (2004) Malhotra (2000) 30 3 Methods and National Intellectual Capital Ranking of 40 Countries Appendix 2 The Validation of NICI40 Measurement model In this model, excluding financial capital, there are seven variables for each of the four types of capital with the latent concept.