By United Nations
This file synthesizes findings from the Millennium atmosphere Assessment's worldwide and sub-global checks on biodiversity and human health and wellbeing. It states that an unparalleled attempt will be had to in achieving an important aid within the cost of biodiversity loss in any respect degrees by means of 2010. This present synthesis differs from the 2 studies published on March 30, 2005 in that they checked out the difficulty widely and in most cases phrases. This present file makes a speciality of the biodiversity features of the Millennium surroundings review.
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Extra resources for Marine and Coastal Ecosystems and Human Well-being: A Synthesis Report Based on the Findings of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Sample text
The fishing sector has declined as a source of employment in many industrial countries, but in many developing countries and island communities there is still a strong traditional dependence on marine and coastal resources for employment. ■ The global economic costs related to pollution of coastal waters is $16 billion annually, much of which is due to human health impacts. ■ Other benefits—such as spiritual and cultural values and tourism—are threatened. Spiritual and cultural values are as important as other services for many local communities.
Infectious disease is currently a serious problem in aquaculture, not only to the fish being farmed but to wild populations as well. When infected farmed fish escape from aquaculture facilities, they can transmit these diseases and parasites to wild stocks. Infectious salmon anemia (ISA), a deadly disease affecting Atlantic salmon, poses a serious threat to the salmon farming industry. 4]. The expansion of the shrimp industry in Ecuador has brought about economic growth and employment, but it has also changed the allocation and flow of labour, reduced flexibility and diversity of household economies, and brought about largescale loss of mangroves.
Poor water quality results from land-based sources of pollution such as agricultural and industrial waste. 8]. ■ Other Benthic Communities Hard bottom and soft sediment seafloor habitats are severely 20 MARINE AND COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING impacted by fishing methods such as bottom trawling and dredging. This type of human disturbance is one of the most significant threats to marine biodiversity. Soft bottoms cover about 70% of the earth’s seafloor and are characterized by extremely high species diversity.